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- "Performance-Based Assessments: External, Internal, and Self-Assessment Tools
- for Total Quality Management" by Paul F. Wilson and Richard D. Pearson,
- published by ASQC Quality Press (611 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee,
- Wisconsin 53202), 1995, 202 pages, $33 list, $30 ASQC members
-
- A Book Review by Norman C. Frank, PE, CQE, CQA
- CER Corporation, Washington, DC
-
- "Performance-Based Assessments" provides a process for assessing processes
- that goes beyond looking for compliance and beyond looking for effectiveness.
- Although "performance-based" has become one of the latest buzzwords in the
- field of assessments (includes assessment, audit, appraisal, and
- surveillance), the fundamental concept is good and has much to offer to
- improve the processes of your company. Considerable effort is made to define
- compliance and effectiveness assessments, yet there is no obvious definition
- of performance-based assessments.
-
- The basic premise is that performance-based assessments should not be
- conducted unless at least one hoped-for positive outcome is identified. The
- ultimate success of the effort will be judged by a simple criterion: Did we
- find some way to do things better?
-
- Performance-based assessments can be classified broadly as process, product,
- or system and are concerned with those attributes of products or services
- reflecting customer needs and expectations.
-
- The performance-based approach to assessments:
-
- requires direct observation of activities
- focuses on processes or activities most directly impacting
- operations, safety, reliability, or maintainability
- includes an evaluation of not only whether, but to what extent,
- product or service goals are being achieved
- requires technical expertise or knowledge of operations to evaluate
- the selected component/system, activity, or program
- adds the step in which the significance of any recommendation or
- finding is analyzed and documented
- adds the process whereby the underlying or apparent cause(s) of
- less-than-adequate performance is analyzed
-
- Unfortunately, sometimes it is not possible to directly observe the process
- or activity. Then the assessor must resort to review of past data. "Lines
- of inquiry" replace the more common checklists to allow for a broader look at
- a process or activity.
-
- There were several weaknesses in the book:
-
- The book tries to cover too much in the space allowed. As a consequence
- it gives little help in how to perform the assessment, although it does
- give some help in how to organize the results of the assessment. There
- are few examples to clarify the concept or approach.
-
- Missing from the book is a clear description of who does what part of
- the process. Even a section on the options available would add to the
- book.
-
- The book assumes that you have a broad base knowledge to draw from
- (e.g., the book mentions a Type II error in management decisions and
- does not elaborate).
-
- There is no clear training to be given to assessors performing
- performance-based assessments, yet the authors state "performance-based
- training is a highly effective means of ensuring that personnel receive
- proper training to conduct their work safely and efficiently." There is
- a fair amount on "performance-based training", but nothing on the
- content of training for performance-based assessors. The only item I
- looked up in the index, "trained auditors and surveillors, 52", did not
- have anything on page 52 about trained auditors and surveillors.
-
- This book presents a process that is different from the process used by
- other parts of the DOE to perform performance-based assessments.
-
- There is considerable discussion on creating the best organization and
- culture. Again there is not enough information to allow you to take
- action, plus there is only one supporting reference for the chapter on
- "management".
-
- A process of "pulse point auditing" as a tool for cutting the time of
- performance is suspiciously similar to "key point auditing" that has
- been around for years.
-
- For some reason, the authors coin the word "surveillors" without apology
- yet apologize for using the word "doability".
-
- The authors' concept of performance-based assessments includes getting to the
- causes; solving problems; generating alternatives; evaluating risk or
- importance; considering cost and schedule; making change happen; and
- implementing the recommendations.
-
- This book gives you one group's concept of what a performance-based
- assessment consists of. This book is good for an overview of the
- performance-based assessment concept. Recommended for someone not familiar
- with performance-based assessments who would like to get a feel of what it
- entails.
- ----------------
- Mr. Frank has over 25 years experience in the field of quality, in the areas
- of nuclear quality assurance, research and development, and consulting. He
- is currently in Washington, D.C., with CER Corporation out of Las Vegas,
- Nevada.
-